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Fault displacement rates on a range of timescales
Date Issued
2009-02-25
Date Available
2011-07-20T15:53:18Z
Abstract
Displacements on tectonic faults primarily accrue during earthquakes at rates that vary through time. To examine the processes that underlie the temporal changes in fault displacement rates we analyse displacements and displacement rates for time periods from the present to 5, 10, 20, 300, 500, 1 000 and 5 000 kyr for 261 active reverse or normal faults from a worldwide dataset. Displacement rates depart from million-year average rates by up to three orders of magnitude with the size of these departures inversely related to fault length and the duration of the sample period. Short-term (≤ 20 kyr) displacement rates generally span a greater range on small faults than large, a feature which suggests more variable growth on smaller faults. Simple earthquake-slip modeling shows that variations in displacement rates require changes in both recurrence interval and slip per event and do not support the Characteristic-slip earthquake model. As long as fault system strain rates are uniform, displacement rates generally become constant over time periods between 20 - 300 kyr, with the length of time required to reach stability being inversely related to the regional basin-wide strain rates. Stable long-term displacements rates and fluctuations in earthquake recurrence intervals and slip arise, in part, due to fault interactions.
Sponsorship
Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology
Other Sponsorship
University College Dublin, President’s Research Fellowship Scheme
Royal Society of New Zealand, Marsden Fund
Type of Material
Journal Article
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal
Earth and Planetary Science Letters
Volume
278
Issue
3-4
Start Page
186
End Page
197
Copyright (Published Version)
2008 Elsevier B.V.
Subject – LCSH
Faults (Geology)--New Zealand
Earthquakes--New Zealand
Fault zones--New Zealand
Web versions
Language
English
Status of Item
Peer reviewed
ISSN
0012-821X
This item is made available under a Creative Commons License
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