In 1967 Fr Walter Forde, an activist in the field of youth welfare work, noted
‘signs of unrest’ amongst Irish youths growing up in the sixties.1 He identified
the ways in which they were ‘being influenced by English teenage culture’:
First fashions in clothes and hair-styles increasingly follow the English trends. The
amount of money spent by them on records, dances and clothes is a new feature in Irish
life. Drinking among them too is becoming more common … Second, the recent
popularity of beat clubs in Dublin (where all eleven were opened in the last eighteen
months) shows their desire to have a recreation of their own.