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- PublicationAdiós, Hemingway: il falso policial si piega all'analisi antropologicaLeonardo Padura Fuentes oggi è uno dei giallisti cubani più conosciuti e letti all’estero. I suoi romanzi interpretano la realtà in modo critico e disincantato. Lo scrittore svolge la sua critica dall’interno dell’Isola e utilizza la sua arte per descrivere la complessità sociale habanera tramite una nuova forma di romanzo poliziesco.
168 - PublicationAjiaco, Rum and Coffee: Food and Identity in Leonardo Padura's Detective FictionThis chapter analyses the representation of food, cooking and its related convivial aspects in the detective novels written by the Cuban author Leonardo Padura. These novels inscribe themselves into a long tradition of detective novels which consider the description of food and meals as one of their distinctive features (such as the ones written by Manuel Vázquez Montalbán and Andrea Cammilleri, just to name a few). I argue that in Padura's novels the mention of food and cooking performs many different functions within the text. First of all food complement the social backdrop of the story and set the Cuban character of the novel, bringing in the elements of syncretism, mestizaje and hybridity which are essential to fully understand Cuban identity. The author always presents classical dishes of the Cuban tradition, recovering the cultural roots of its characters and of his nation. However in Padura's novel cooking and food are also an important indicator of the specific historical moment in which the story is set and they provide important elements to understand the social situation of the time. References to cooking and food are used here to describe the food shortage affecting the island, as a consequence of the US embargo, and to denounce the hidden or semi-hidden presence of the black market economy in Cuba. Secondly food contributes strongly to the characterization of the protagonist of Padura's novels: the detective Mario Conde. In this case food, is used to describe the personal and psychological world of the protagonist and his affective sphere. Finally the convivial aspect of food allows Padura to represent the emotional bond between his characters and to trace the profile of a specific generation of Cubans born just before the Revolution and educated in the Revolutionary ideology. Food provides, thus, the opportunity to bridge the national tradition and memory with a specific generational experience and identity.
74 - PublicationAssessing the nature and role of substrate influence in the formation and development of the creoles of SurinameOver the last 30 years or so, a significant amount of research has been carried out on the genesis and development of creoles. This research has shown that the creators of creoles’ first languages made an important contribution to creole grammars, but that their overall role in any specific case was largely dependent on the social circumstances in which the creole emerged. This suggests that substrate influence always interacted with other sources. However, to date, relatively little research has been done on the various ways in which the creators’ first languages influenced specific creole features and how this interaction was determined or constrained by other processes and sources. The aim of this paper is to investigate these issues in more detail in the light of ongoing research on the formation and development of the Tense, Mood and Aspect system of the creoles of Suriname.
326 - PublicationAvenging Assassins: Women and Power in Rosario Tijeras (1999) by Jorge Franco and La Reina del Sur (2002) by Arturo Pérez ReverteNarco/sicaresque novels with a female killer at their core are uncommon, indicative of society’s gendering of violence which marks female killers as deviant and the macho-posturing of narco-culture which marginalizes women. This article examines two narco-novels about female killers propelled into the drugs business to avenge violence, but who wield power very differently, according to their status in the cartel and the narrative strategies adopted. Rosario Tijeras’s violence is sexualized around her femme-fatale allure which undermines her agency, particularly as she is spoken for by an infatuated male narrator. Rosario, controlled by cartel bosses, exercises little control over her textual representation or her life. La Reina del Sur offers parallel narratives: from the perspective of the main character, Teresa Mendoza, and from a journalist who is researching her story for his novel. Teresa thus gains a measure of control over her narrative representation and her life and progresses to lead an international drugs network. These texts turn readers into detectives, not to find the killers, but to unravel the motivations of women in the drugs trade and to debate the ways they can exercise power in these violent hyper-masculine worlds which become, both in Spain and Mexico, an eternal crime scene, implicating law enforcement, local government and any other supposedly legitimate agency willing to be ‘bought’.
178 - PublicationBetween contact and internal development: Towards a multi-layered explanation for the development of the TMA system in the creoles of SurinameThis paper proposes a new analysis of the formation of the TMA system of the Surinamese Maroon Creoles based on a wide range of both contemporary and historical sources. The paper first provides a brief synopsis of the socio-historical context in which the Creoles of Suriname emerged and developed, and a broad overview of the TMA systems of those Creoles and of varieties of Gbe. It then discusses four processes that were involved in the emergence of the creole TMA system: substrate influence, internal change from a substrate calque, superstrate influence, and shift of form and category correlated with innovation. The paper then concludes that Creole formation is to be considered as a gradual and multi-layered process (Arends 1993, Bruyn 1995), involving processes of language change that also operate in other so-called normal contact settings (Thomason & Kaufman 1988).
322 - PublicationCreoles in education: A discussion of pertinent issuesThe last three decades have seen a steady increase in the use of Pidgin and Creole (P/C) languages in public life. In many P/C-speaking communities, P/C are now widely used in health education, vocational training, political campaigning and in the media. These developments demonstrate – if it has to be demonstrated at all – that P/Cs are viable means of communication and are well able to express as wide a range of issues as the European languages with which they coexist.
291 - Publication"Die Poetischen in der Philosophie, die Philosophischen in der Poesie": The Critique of German Idealism in Peter Schlemihls wundersame GeschichteIm Grunde hat er in seinem „Schlemihl“ nur sein eigenes Dichtergeschick niedergelegt: den ewigen Konflikt von Schein und Sein [...]. Dieses wunderliche Märchen, das durch seine pikante Unbestimmtheit sich überall beliebt gemacht, gehört zu jenen glücklichen Aperçus, deren Wert und Bedeutung die Poetischen in der Philosophie, die Philosophischen in der Poesie suchen. The above quotation from Joseph von Eichendorff’s Geschichte der poetischen Literatur Deutschlands (1857) highlights the importance of philosophy in Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte (1814). Yet during the century and half since Eichendorff’s comments were published scholarly research has mostly concerned itself with interpreting the shadow and categorising the literary format of the text at the expense of analysing its philosophical aspects; Franz Schulz points out that the shadow has been interpreted as ‘Vaterland, Heimat, Lebensstellung, Familie, Konfession, Orden, Titel, Liebesgestalt, gesellschaftliches Talent oder Anpassung an die geltende Mode’, and that the text has been labelled at various times as ‘ein Märchen, Kindermärchen, romantisches Märchen, eine romantisch-allegorische Stimmungsnovelle, ein allegorisches Märchen, ein Kunstmärchen, eine kuriose Geschichte, ein Novellen-Märchen, eine Märchen-Novelle oder eine phantastische Novelle’.
490 - PublicationEarlier Caribbean English and Creole in WritingIn research on Creoles, historical written texts have in recent decades been fruitfully employed to shed light on the diachronic development of these languages and the nature of Creole genesis. They have so far been much less frequently used to derive social information about these communities and to improve our understanding of the sociolinguistics and stylistic structure of these languages. This paper surveys linguistic research on early written texts in the anglophone Caribbean and takes a critical look at the theories and methods employed to study these texts. It emphases the sociolinguistic value of the texts and provides some exemplary analyses of early Creole documents.
419 - PublicationThe emergence of a Cuban socio-cultural phenomenon: el falso policial by Leonardo Padura FuentesIn this article I will examine contemporary Cuban crime fiction through the various manifestations of its relations to the State. My study is based on the premise that it is possible to establish a link between State traditions and crime genre. Here I am interested in exploring the consequences of this relationship inside the Cuban context, to establish to what extent recent social and economic changes find an echo in crime literature.
50 - PublicationEpilogue: of theories, typology and empirical dataThis book examines the place of creoles from a typological perspective using modern phylogenetic modeling tools. Exploring the similarities and differences that exist among creoles and between creoles and their input languages, the authors aim to generate new insights into persistent and at times hotly debated topics such as creole genesis and the relationships among creoles and between creoles and other languages, most specifically their input languages.
55 - Publication'Es kostet Sinn und Zeit / die Sphären zu einen': Das Selbst und der Andere, der Himmel und die Erde in Zafer Şenocaks ÜbergangZafer Şenocak (geb. 1961) wies schon 1990 im Essay „Deutschland – Heimat für Türken? Ein Plädoyer für die Überwindung der Krise zwischen Okzident und Orient“ darauf hin, dass der Islam langsam wieder dabei war, in Europa zu einem Streitpunkt zu werden. Nach den islamistischen Terroranschlägen vom 11. September 2001 in den USA stehen die Muslime Deutschlands (und im Allgemeinen) unter zunehmendem Verdacht und, wie die Untersuchung von Reim Spielhaus aufzeigt, ersetzt die Bezeichnung minderheitlicher Deutscher als "Muslim“ nach 9/11 immer mehr die früher häufig verwendeten Etikettierungen wie "Gastarbeiter“, "Migrant“ oder "Türke". Dieses neue Etikett ist genauso einschränkend wie es die alten Etikettierungen sind, aber die Bezeichnung Muslim führt zudem zur diskriminierenden Verknüpfung zwischen (vermuteten) muslimischen Bürgern und Terroristen aus aller Welt, wie Yasemin Yildiz argumentiert.
94 - PublicationThe figure of the bandit in history, culture and social theoryA man on a horse, glaring into the midday sun, bandana around his face and a gun strapped to his side. Is this the picture of a villain or a hero, a criminal or a social bandit, a fighter for the people? Revolutionaries, Rebels and Robbers delivers a comprehensive study of banditry in Latin America, studying both the actual practices and effects of banditry as well as its representation in books, film, and other media. Examining banditry in Mexico, the Hispanic US Southwest, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, and Cuba, and making use of tools from Latin American and Hispanic studies, film studies, visual studies, and legal and social history, this book offers the most detailed and wide-ranging study of its kind presently available.
132 - PublicationFunctions and uses of now in the speech of newcomers to IrelandThe last roughly twenty years have seen a steady rise in research on varieties of English as spoken in Ireland. One line of research that has been particularly fruitful is the corpus-based investigation of pragmatic aspects of varieties of Irish English. While early work in this area dealt with hedging phenomena, more recent research has explored a range of issues such as politeness strategies and relational work in different interactional contexts, the uses, meanings and functions of silence and mitigation, vocatives, different types of questions and discourse markers.
233 - PublicationFuturism and the abjection of the feminineThis article posits the notion of Kristevan abjection as a useful interpretative category for representations of the feminine in Marinetti's writing and in the works of some Futurist women writers
1200 - PublicationGreeting and social changeThis paper discusses greeting routines in the Eastern Maroon community of Suriname and French Guiana. The paper argues that there are two broad sets of greeting routines. They have different origins, linguistic structures and distinct social meanings (e.g. setting, social groups, social relationship). As a result of social changes in the community, their social distribution, frequency and their social meanings are currently changing. The ‘urban’ greetings are being extended to all kinds of new social spheres and are increasingly losing their negative or subculture connotations while the ‘village’ greetings are becoming restricted to a relatively small set of situations and kinds of interactions. Moreover, new kinds of greeting practices emerge to symbolically assert existing social distinctions and to mark newly emerging social realities.
450 - PublicationHow Technology Can Enhance Learning through Assessment and ReflectionGibbs (2006: 23) states that ‘assessment frames learning’ and more importantly that ‘it has more impact on learning than does teaching’. If we accept this assertion to be true, there is an argument for ensuring that assessment is integrated into the learning process to guarantee that it does in fact contribute to student learning. However, the relationship between assessment and learning is often problematic, given that ‘assessment is about several things at once’ (Ramsden 2003: 177), or what Boud (2000: 160) refers to as ‘double duty’. Among other things, assessment is about grading and reporting students’ achievements and about supporting students in their learning. Furthermore, if assessment focuses on grades, attention shifts away from what students need to improve (Sadler 1989) and it tends to have little impact on learning. The challenge for teachers then is to shift the balance towards learning even when grades are involved. This chapter illustrates how assessment for learning has been implemented in two modules taught at a university in Ireland, an undergraduate module where the assessment described does not carry a grade and a graduate module in which self-assessment and reflection are graded as part of a microteaching task completed by the students.
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