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- PublicationAdult Safeguarding Legislation and Policy Rapid Realist Literature Review(Health Services Executive, 2017-05)
; ; ; ; ; The investigation of, and intervention into the alleged abuse of older people has become a dominant feature of social work in Ireland. The international definition of elder mistreatment adopted in most western countries including Ireland, is: ‘Elder abuse is a single or repeated act or lack of appropriate action occurring within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust which causes harm to an older person’ (WHO, 2008; WHO/INPEA, 2002). Operationalising this abstract definition is to describe types or categories of abuse that older people can be subjected to - physical, sexual, psychological, financial and neglect. Although valuable, the limitations of these narrow and mutually exclusive categories are increasingly recognised (Anand et al., 2013; O’Brien et al., 2011; Naughton et al., 2012). There is a major lack of understanding of the voice and experiences of older people in relation to abuse (Anand et al., 2013; Charpentier and Souliéres, 2013; WHO, 2002b). Irish research has demonstrated that older people conceptualise elder abuse as the loss of voice and agency, diminishing status in society, violation of rights and wider societal influences that undermine a sense of individualism and ‘personhood’ (O’Brien et al., 2011; Naughton et al., 2013).1476 - PublicationCapital-Energy Substitution: Evidence from a Panel of Irish Manufacturing FirmsUsing firm-level data from the Irish Census of Industrial Production for the period from 1991-2009, we look at how Irish manufacturing firms adjust their input mix in response to changing energy prices. We find that an increase in the price of energy causes the demand for energy inputs to fall, while the demand for capital, material and labour inputs rises. This indicates that the other factors of production are substitutable with energy in the Irish manufacturing sector.
515 - PublicationContaining systemic risk(European Parliament. Policy Department Economic and Scientific Policies, 2009-11)
; Systemic risk refers to the risk of financial system breakdown due to linkages between institutions. This risk cannot be assessed by looking at how individual institutions manage risks but instead requires a full understanding of how the system as a whole operates. At present, the data available to central banks and financial regulators are not at all adequate for the task of assessing systemic risk and the new European Systemic Risk Board needs to address this issue. There is a lot of exciting ongoing research devoted to measuring systemic risk and providing signals to regulators as to when and where they should intervene. However, the tools being developed are still limited in their usefulness. Perhaps more pressing than the development of these tools is the implementation of policy measures to make the financial system more robust. These measures should include higher capital ratios, limits on non-core funding and redesigning financial systems to be less complex.877 - PublicationCovid-19 Pandemic Report on Coroner's Inquiries into Deaths: Epidemiology and Total and Excess Mortality in the District of Kildare March to June 2020Report to the Minister for Health, Government of Ireland:All Covid-19 deaths and all nursing home and residential home deaths in Ireland must by law be reported to the Coroner, the independent Judicial Officer of the State, in the District in which they occur. This enables accurate and early collation of these death reports. Between 1st January 2015 and 30th June 2020 3,342 deaths were reported to the Coroner’s District for Kildare. From 11th March 2020, when the first Covid-19 death occurred in Ireland, to 30th June 2020 there were 1,738 Covid-19 deaths nationally of which 139 were reported in Kildare with 113 (81%) of these deaths in nursing and residential homes. The calculated excess number of deaths notified for January to June 2020 compared with 2015-2019 was 198 (41%) of the 484 total deaths reported with a 131 (45%) excess in the 293 deaths in nursing and residential homes. Covid-19 deaths accounted for 70% and 86% of these excess deaths respectively. Following subtraction of the 18 non-natural cause deaths and 139 Covid-19 deaths from the total excess there remained an unexplained excess of 60 deaths due to natural causes in March to June of 2020 compared with 2015-2019. The peak excess total death percentage was 359% in April 2020, commencing with a small excess in March (30%), continuing into May (63%) and falling again in June (37%). In the nursing and residential home setting those excess death percentages were most marked at 527% in April, with 27% in March, 54% in May and 17% in June. Underlying medical conditions were recorded in 99% of those dying from Covid-19 and the average age of the deceased was 82.5 years with median of 78 years and 55% of those dying were female and 45% male. The clinical epidemiology and documented excess mortality of the reported deaths are chronicled and analysed to learn also about the future challenges with the continuing Covid-19 infection. A centralized national mortality database providing near real-time death certification enhances infectious disease surveillance and prompt clinical epidemiology and mortality excess studies and reduces under-reporting of Covid-19 deaths.
85 - PublicationCOVID-19 Pandemic: Report of Coroner's Inquiries into Epidemiology and Total and Excess Mortality in the Community, Hospital and Nursing Home and Residential Care in the District of Kildare for the Year March 2020 to February 2021All Covid-19 deaths, all nursing home and residential home deaths and deaths due to an adverse drug reaction must by law in Ireland be reported to the Coroner, the independent Judicial Officer of the State, in the District in which they occur. From 11th March 2020, when the first Covid-19 death occurred in Ireland, to 28th February 2021 there were 4,443 Covid-19 deaths nationally of which 230 (5%) were reported in Kildare with 163 (71%) of these deaths occurring in nursing and residential homes. The clinical epidemiology and documented excess mortality of the reported deaths are chronicled and analysed in this second report for three distinct periods of March to June 2020 (Period 1); July to December 2020 (Period 2); and January to February 2021 (Period 3) which also correspond with three “lockdown” periods, and for the consolidated “Covid-19 year” period from March 2020 to February 2021 (“the year”). These periods and annual figures are compared with the previous 5-year mortality figures noting that between 1st March 2015 and 28th February 2021 some 2,837 deaths were reported to the Coroner for the District of Kildare. The calculated excess number of deaths notified for March 2020 to February 2021 compared with 2015-2020 (5-yearly average of 567) was 300 (53%) of the 867 total deaths reported with a 169 (54%) excess in the 480 deaths in nursing and residential homes (5-yearly average of 311). Covid-19 deaths accounted for 77% of the total excess deaths and for 96% of the nursing and residential home excess deaths respectively. Following subtraction of the 66 non-natural cause deaths and 230 Covid-19 deaths from the total excess there remained an unexplained excess of 56 deaths due to natural causes in March 2020 to February 2021 compared with 2015-2021. Thus, the number of unattributed excess deaths actually fell marginally between July 2020 and February 2021 taking into account the figure of 62 in the first report for March to June 2020. Underlying medical conditions were recorded in all but two of those deaths related to Covid-19 and the average age of the deceased was 82.2 years with median age of 83 years and 58% were female (134) and 42% male (126). The numbers and percentages of Kildare Covid-19 cases out of the national cases were: 139 of 1,728 or 8% in Period 1; 26 of 575 or 5% in Period 2; 65 of 2,140 or 3% in Period 3; and 230 of 4,443 or 5% for the Covid-19 year. The excess total death percentage was 117%, 16%, 46% and 53% in the three periods and year respectively. In the nursing and residential home setting the corresponding numbers and percentages of Kildare cases out of the national cases were 113 of 985 or 11% (Period1); 9 of 175 or 4% (Period 2); 41of 668 or 6% (Period 3); and 163 of 1,828 or 9% for the Covid-19 year. The excess death percentages were 142%, 4% , 35% and 54% in the three periods and year respectively. Information analysed for this study allows Covid-19 public health policy and strategy to learn from mortality events and about the continuing challenges of the infection. The report is also set in the wider context of the Coroner Service and its role during the pandemic. The comments and observations are made on clinical epidemiology, co-morbidities, post mortem practices, bereavement, vaccination and the public health imperative for a centralized national mortality database and reformed death notification and certification systems for infectious disease surveillance. The tragic deaths in County Kildare of 230 individuals are best remembered and honoured by actions arising from that learning process to minimize the worst outcomes of any future similar infectious pandemic or if Covid-19 becomes a recurrent seasonal infection and some are recommended on foot of the findings and questions raised in this report. A legislative explanatory note is included at the end of the reference section.
169 - Publication#Direct Provision 14: No Place To Call Home(Irish Refugee Council, 2014-05)
; ; ; Compilation of contributions to a direct provision Blogathon on Human Rights in Ireland (www.humanrights.ie) on 10 April 2014, marking 14 years of the system of direct provision.1489 - PublicationEnabling lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals to access their rights under equality law(Equality Commission for Northern Ireland and the Equality Authority, 2007-11)
; ; ; 2078 - PublicationEquality data issues : the use of data in pursuing equalityThis report explores equality issues arising in the collection and publication of data in Ireland and the ways in which data may be used in equality policies and practices.
1527 - PublicationEU Asylum Policy: Reception Conditions for Asylum SeekersThis case study focuses on reception conditions for asylum seekers in the European Union.
500 - PublicationFamily decision making when two workers are offered group coverage(Employee Benefits Security Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, 2004)
; 459 - PublicationFamily group conference pilot project : evaluation reportThis report has been commissioned to appraise and draw together the main findings of a small Pilot Project on Family Group Conferences (FGCs) aimed at examining the specific fit between family group conferencing and child protection. This is an aspect that had not been previously pilot-tested specifically in Ireland. The pilot project was conducted in the North Tipperary Community Care Area of the Mid-Western Health Board (MWHB) over the period September 2001 to February 2002. The report first describes the FGC process and the pilot project. It provides details of the Conferences held as part of the Pilot Project, as well as the views of the multiple participants involved. The report analyses and presents findings and recommendations.
568 - PublicationGuide for practitioners - a standardised framework for domestic adoption preparation, assessment and decision-making proceduresThe purpose of the Adoption Guide and the Framework is to enable agencies and their professional workers to perform their key functions to an appropriate, explicit and consistent standard; to make explicit and transparent the process and the areas which potential adopters will be expected to engage in with the agency; to establish the range of checks which workers would be expected to undertake in respect of prospective adopters; to establish the decision-making process. Decision-making should encompass: if adoption is in the best interests of a particular child and if the applicants should be approved to adopt? Furthermore the question is the match between the child and the family suitable and appropriate?
454 - PublicationHandbook of Climate Transition Benchmarks, Paris-Aligned Benchmark and Benchmarks’ ESG DisclosureThis Handbook is a response to frequently asked questions, which the TEG benchmarks subgroup members encountered when presenting the EU Climate Transition Benchmark (EU CTB), the EU Paris Aligned Benchmark (EU PAB), and the benchmarks’ disclosure guidance on environmental, social or governance (ESG) issues.10 The Handbook commences by (i) clarifying the 7% Reduction Trajectory and (ii) matters of terminology. It continues by explaining (iii) the anti-greenwashing measures, (iv) data sources and estimation techniques as well as (v) related classification. Finally, (vi) ESG disclosure matters are discussed and (vii) further aspects are highlighted. Detailed appendices provide computation and sector mapping guidance.
796 - PublicationImmigration (Reform) (Regularisation of Residency Status) Bill 2014On the invitation of Senator David Norris, I drafted the Immigration (Reform) (Regularisation of Residency Status) Bill 2014.
250 - PublicationNational estimates of mental health utilization and expenditures for children in 1998(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2001)
; ; ; ; ; ; 588 - PublicationPeatland Properties Influencing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removal(Environmental Protection Agency, 2022-01)
; ; ; ; ; ; ; A nationwide peatland survey was conducted across 50 ombrotrophic peatlands (bogs) in Ireland to ascertain a wide range of peat properties. In addition to natural (relatively intact) sites, we surveyed the most prevalent peatland land use categories (LUCs): grassland, forestry and peat extraction (both industrial and domestic), as well as management options (deep drained; shallow drained; rewetting). Furthermore, the entirety of the peat profile (down to the sub-peat mineral soil/bedrock) was sampled. Our results demonstrate that Irish bogs have been drastically altered by human activities and that the sampled peat properties reflect the nature and magnitude of the impact of the land use and management.530 - PublicationRadiation Protection No. 185 European Guidelines on Diagnostic Reference Levels for Paediatric Imaging(European Commission, 2018-09-20)
; ; ; ; The establishment and use of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and required in the European Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom Basic Safety Standards (BSS). DRLs are a useful tool in the quest to optimise patient doses in diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology (IR). Particular attention should be paid to establishing and using DRLs in paediatric radiology because children have a higher risk (for some organs and body areas) compared to adults from the detrimental effects of radiation. A comprehensive European and worldwide review of DRLs for paediatric examinations (Section 5 and Annex C) has indicated that only a few countries have set DRLs for paediatric examinations and there is a complete lack of national DRLs for many examinations, in particular for all paediatric interventional procedures. Furthermore, the existing DRLs are often adopted from the old European Commission (EC) recommendations or from other countries, and only a few countries have based their DRLs on their own national patient dose surveys. In many countries, the initial DRLs have never been updated. Due to the huge variation of patient sizes among the paediatric population, several age, size or weight groups are needed to establish the DRLs, and there has been little consistency in grouping of the patients. Extensive patient dose surveys are needed to establish DRLs but there has been no detailed guidance on how to carry out and report such surveys in order to ensure consistent methods and comparability of the DRLs, in particular for reliable evaluation of DRLs for use at a European level.785 - PublicationReport of the Special Group on Public Service Numbers and Expenditure Programmes(Department of Finance, 2009-07-16)
; ; ; ; ; ; 1503 - PublicationReport of the Workshop Discussions Comhairle na nÓg Showcase November 2016: “Comhairle is like one big family”(Department of Children and Youth Affairs, 2016-11)
; The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) (1989) enshrines young people’s voice within an international legally binding agreement, positioning children’s rights at the core of the decision-making process, particularly in relation to having their views heard about matters that directly impact on their lives. Since the ratification of the convention in Ireland in 1992 the Irish government has sought to provide structural (such as the establishment of the Ombudsman for Children, and the Department of Children and Youth Affairs) and policy measures to ensure children’s rights are embedded, practised and realised. These policy measures include the National Children’s Strategy (2000), Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures: The national policy framework for children and young people (2014–2020) and the National Strategy on Children and Young People’s Participation in Decision-Making (2015–2020).95
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