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- Publication3D Printing of Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Using Fused Filament Fabrication—A ReviewThree-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied for the fabrication of polymer components ranging from prototypes to final products. An issue, however, is that the resulting 3D printed parts exhibit inferior mechanical performance to parts fabricated using conventional polymer processing technologies, such as compression moulding. The addition of fibres and other materials into the polymer matrix to form a composite can yield a significant enhancement in the structural strength of printed polymer parts. This review focuses on the enhanced mechanical performance obtained through the printing of fibre-reinforced polymer composites, using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique. The uses of both short and continuous fibre-reinforced polymer composites are reviewed. Finally, examples of some applications of FFF printed polymer composites using robotic processes are highlighted.
77Scopus© Citations 72 - PublicationThe Active Electrode in the Living Brain: The Response of the Brain Parenchyma to Chronically Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation ElectrodesBACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation is an established symptomatic surgical therapy for Parkinson disease, essential tremor, and a number of other movement and neuropsychiatric disorders. The well-established foreign body response around implanted electrodes is marked by gliosis, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. However, how this response changes with the application of chronic stimulation is less well-understood. OBJECTIVE: To integrate the most recent evidence from basic science, patient, and postmortem studies on the effect of such an "active"electrode on the parenchyma of the living brain. METHODS: A thorough and in-part systematic literature review identified 49 papers. RESULTS: Increased electrode-tissue impedance is consistently observed in the weeks following electrode implantation, stabilizing at approximately 3 to 6 mo. Lower impedance values are observed around stimulated implanted electrodes when compared with unstimulated electrodes. A temporary reduction in impedance has also been observed in response to stimulation in nonhuman primates. Postmortem studies from patients confirm the presence of a fibrous sheath, astrocytosis, neuronal loss, and neuroinflammation in the immediate vicinity of the electrode. When comparing stimulated and unstimulated electrodes directly, there is some evidence across animal and patient studies of altered neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation around stimulated electrodes. CONCLUSION: Establishing how stimulation influences the electrical and histological properties of the surrounding tissue is critical in understanding how these factors contribute to DBS efficacy, and in controlling symptoms and side effects. Understanding these complex issues will aid in the development of future neuromodulation systems that are optimized for the tissue environment and required stimulation protocols.
239Scopus© Citations 8 - PublicationBeside The Sea. Reviewed Work: Where Land Meets Sea: Coastal Explorations of Landscape, Representation and Spatial Experience by Anna RyanWhere Land Meets Seais a fascinating and important book. It is fascinating not least because of the range of voices that we hear on the subject of the human relationship to landscape, from the explorers, philosophers, geographers and artists to the diverse group of research participants who happen to walk bythe sea and who are prepared to share their experiences of that activity. The interweaving of these voices not just in words but also in paintings, photographs and drawings forges a new reading of our relationship to landscape and draws us into a deeper awareness of our surroundings. Ryan’s research suggests that our relationship to our environment may not be as dysfunctional as we had thought, but that it is, generally, unconscious. Her mission, or political intent,is to make our spatial embodiment conscious – to raise our awareness of our connectedness with the environment, with nature and with the earth.
61 - PublicationBook Review - Kieran Healy, Data Visualization: A Practical IntroductionWith “Data Visualization: A Practical Introduction”, Kieran Healy delivers a hands-on masterclass in building effective data graphics using the ggplot package for the R language. While the implied audience is researchers in the social sciences, there is a lot of practical wisdom here for anyone who works with numerical data. This book treats both the theoretical principles of effective data visualisation design (in the mode of Edward Tufte, Stephen Few, Alberto Cairo and others) as well as concrete guidance on how to integrate such wisdom into a slick data analysis workflow in the R ecosystem. This practitioner-oriented approach is a very welcome addition to the literature: by covering both the whys and hows of data visualisation, this single volume swiftly equips researchers to build compelling graphics from their numerical data.
419Scopus© Citations 2 - PublicationBook review : Housing Law and Policy, by David CowanIn Housing Law and Policy, Professor David Cowan, University of Bristol, provides a comprehensive analysis of the intersections, assumptions and politics of housing law and policy. Written in an accessible manner, this text traces the development of housing law and policy in England. In a time of (yet another) retrenchment of the welfare state in England and Wales, Cowan forces us to consider how we think, view, discuss and act upon housing law and housing policy, focusing on regulation of housing systems, access to housing and individual rights and responsibilities in housing.
252 - PublicationBook Review of 'The Metropolitan Revolution, How Cities and Metros are fixing our Broken Policies and Fragile Economy'Book Reviews for Architecture Ireland of 'The Metropolitan Revolution, How Cities and Metros are fixing our Broken Policies and Fragile Economy', by Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley, Published by Brookings Institution Press, 288 pages.
90 - PublicationBook review of D. Wiger (1997). The clinical documentation sourcebook: A comprehensive collection of mental health records of practice forms, handouts and records. Chichester: WileyThis clinical documentation source book was written to meet the need of North American mental health practitioners for a system of documenting their work within the context of managed care systems. Within such management care systems in order to be reimbursed practitioners must show that services are necessary, and that the assessment and treatment procedures are appropriate to the disability and level of impairment shown by clients. The impact of treatment on the clients' level of functioning must be regularly documented and specific goals and criteria for discharge must be specified.
245 - PublicationBook review of J. Green & W. Yule (2000). Festschrift for Professor Sir Michael Rutter. Volume I. Research and Innovation on the Road to Modern child Psychiatry. London: Gaskell and the Association for Child Psychology and PsychiatryAll of the papers in this Festschrift are clearly written authoritative reviews of the topics they address. Each may be read independently by readers wanting a quick overview of a particular problem. Collectively these essays underline the extraordinary contribution which Professor Sir Michael Rutter has made to the field of child and adolescent psychiatry over the last half a century.
105 - PublicationBook review of Linley, A. & Joseph, S. (2004) Positive Psychology in PracticeIn the preface to this volume Martin Seligman notes that ‘the scientific psychological literature of the 20th century is littered with well-done analytic science that applied to nothing at all, and this is a fate positive psychology must avoid.’ Alex Linley and Stephen Joseph in their volume Positive Psychology Practice have taken an important step in diverting positive psychology from this undesirable fate. They have edited a compendium of scholarly chapters on practical applications of the science of positive psychology to important social issues.
470 - PublicationBook review of P. Barrett and T. Ollendick (2003) (eds.). Handbook of interventions that work with children and adolescents: Prevention and treatmentWith growing recognition of the importance of evidence-based practice, in recent years there has been a steady stream of publications which aim to summarise the implications of treatment outcome research for routine clinical practice. These have come to be known among busy clinicians as "What Works?" books. Barrett and Ollendick’s volume on interventions that work with children and adolescents is a welcome addition to this emerging tradition.
173 - PublicationBook review of: Newnes, C. & Radcliffe, N. ( 2006). Making and Breaking Children's Lives. UK: PCCS BooksThe central message of this book is that distressed children who display distressing behaviour and their families are often involved with significant psychosocial challenges like poverty, unemployment, domestic violence, child abuse, inadequate educational resources, neighbourhood crime and other adversities. These children and families should be helped through thoughtful psychosocial interventions and community development initiatives which address their unique needs and requirements, not by diagnosing children with neurobiological disorders of questionable validity (like ADHD) and medicating them with drugs (like Ritalin).
132 - PublicationBook review: An Island's Law – A Bibliographical Guide to Ireland's Legal Past. By William Nial Osborough. [Dublin: Four Courts Press. 2013. 142 pp. Hardback €31.50. ISBN 978-1-84682-416-6.]It is often said that Ireland is still awaiting its Holdsworth. In fact scholars have been lamenting the lack of a comprehensive legal history of Ireland long before William Searle Holdsworth wrote his monumental, if flawed, History of English Law. Calls for the creation of a comprehensive text on Ireland’s legal past have been heard since at least the 1840s. The nineteenth century historian James Hardiman exhorted future scholars by emphasising the "abundance of recorded materials" awaiting them. (Tracts Relating to Ireland, vol. ii, (Dublin 1843), p.14). Alas, much of this source material was lost forever during the Irish civil war in 1922 with the destruction of most of the legal documents stored in the Public Record Office located at Dublin’s Four Courts.
252 - PublicationBook Review: An Unlikely Audience: Al Jazeera’s Struggle in AmericaAll happy media families resemble one another; every unhappy media family is unhappy in its own way. An Unlikely Audience examines the “confusion in the house” of Al Jazeera after its entry in the U.S. news media market and offers a novel explanation of the network’s struggles. A metaphor of a “port of entry” allows Will Youmans to foreground the role that specific locations played in shaping the network’s advancement and in molding its attempts to establish a solid footprint in the United States.
233 - PublicationBook review: Arends, J. Language and Slavery: A social and linguistic history of the Suriname creoles.This book has been in the making for a long time: Jacques Arends spent two decades researching it and after his untimely death in 2005, it took another decade to appear. The wait was not in vain though as the final product goes well beyond Arends’ previous work, shedding new light on Suriname’s early period and sociolinguistic matters. Although aspects of the volume are by now inevitably somewhat dated, it still constitutes the most comprehensive historical treatise on the emergence and early development of the Suriname creoles, and significantly enhances current knowledge on creole genesis.
300 - PublicationBook review: Chris Ballinger, The House of Lords 1911–2011—A Century of Non-Reform. Hart Publishing, Oxford, 2012. xiv+249pp., £31.00 (hardback). £27.90 (ebook). ISBN: 978-1-78225-048-7The most radical attempt to alter the position of the House of Lords, in the form of total abolition, lasted a mere 11 years. The restoration of the monarchy in 1660 also witnessed the revival of this institution. Despite this act of resurrection, the subsequent history of the upper house of Parliament of the United Kingdom has continued to be plagued by a sense of uncertainty. A few years after its revival, the power of the House of Lords to initiate and amend financial bills was curtailed by a confident and assertive lower house. In the eighteenth century, persistent fears that the Crown might flood the upper house by creating a large number of new peers saw unsuccessful attempts to limit this power.
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294 - PublicationBook Review: Dynamic Positions in Birth: A fresh look at how women's bodies work in labour by Margaret JovittOverall, this is a great book which is easy to read and supports midwives with the evidence behind their decision making . The author’s passion for birth and position ing in labour and birth is clear and feels almost motivational at times. An excellent book for a midwife who wants to maintain professional reading or a midwife who wishes to gently remind themselves of the anatomy and physiology of the pelvis in order to support women to birth in the position that they want to.
228 - PublicationBook Review: Handbook of Culture and Memory by Wagoner, B. (Ed.)Connections between culture and memory have been actively explored by historians, sociologists, psychologists, anthropologists, and literary theorists for a better part of the past century, most intensively since 1925 when Maurice Halbwachs published Social Framing of Memory (Les Cadres Sociaux de la Mémoire). These extensive efforts (Erll, Nunning, & Young, 2010; Erll & Young, 2011; Olick, Vinitzky-Seroussi, & Levy, 2011) have aimed to understand remembering, commemorating, forgetting, and related activities from the standpoint of the genres they adopt, the participants they involve, and the symbols they use. In that context, the current volume positions itself at the intersection of memory and culture and strives to rescue the former from causal explanations dear to the heart of psychologists in order to root it in social and symbolic practices. Thus, it is bound to cover a lot of familiar ground before it sheds new light on the subject. The Handbook of Culture and Memory edited by Brady Wagoner masters this task by arguing that culture is to be viewed as a resource for and constraint on the memory process (p. 3) and by detailing the intricate dynamics of memory and culture in several contexts. Readers, however, have to put aside expectations triggered by the volume’s designation as a handbook. Unlike most academic handbooks, this collection does not offer an exhaustive treatment of the latest research on the intersections of culture and memory, programmatic projections of future inquiries, or a comprehensive bibliography. Instead, it surveys a range of sites where memory and culture are involved in mutually constituting people’s pasts and presents.
263 - PublicationBook Review: Ian Hendry and Susan Dickson, 'British Overseas Territories Law' (2011, Hart, Oxford)Contrary to popular belief the sun has not set on the British Empire. The term "Empire" is, of course, no longer considered appropriate and the extent of what was once a vast global entity has been reduced to a few scattered fragments. Nevertheless, once the shadow of night descends on the United Kingdom the sun continues to shine on many of the fourteen overseas territories scattered along sea lanes that once fostered the growth of British influence overseas. Many of these territories lie in forgotten corners of the world that are now extremely difficult to access. They include a series of islands such as Anguilla; Bermuda; British Indian Ocean Territory; Cayman Islands; Falkland Islands; Montserrat; Pitcairn Islands; St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands; Turks and Caicos Islands; and Virgin Islands.
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