Research Output
1 - 5 of 5
Publication
Resources deprivation and the measurement of poverty
1993-04, Callan, Tim, Nolan, Brian, Whelan, Christopher T.
Ringen has advocated the use of both income and deprivation criteria in identifying those excluded from society due to lack of resources, a widely accepted definition of poverty. We illustrate with Irish data how this might be done, paying particular attention to how appropriate indicators of deprivation are to be selected. The results show that employing both income and deprivation criteria rather than income alone can make a substantial difference to both the extent and composition of measured poverty. This highlights the restrictive nature of poverty conceived in terms of exclusion rather than minimum rights to resources.
Publication
The earnings distribution and returns to education in Ireland, 1987-1994
1997-06, Barrett, Alan, Callan, Tim, Nolan, Brian
Publication
Analysing the effects of tax-benefit reforms on income distribution : a decomposition approach
2007-08, Bargain, Olivier, Callan, Tim
To assess the impact of tax-benefit policy changes on income distribution over time, we suggest a methodology based on counterfactual simulations. We start by decomposing changes in inequality/poverty indices into three contributions: reforms of the tax-benefit structure (rules, rates, etc.), changes in nominal levels of market incomes and tax-benefit parameters (benefit amounts, tax bands, etc.), and all other changes in the underlying population (market income inequality, demographic
composition, employment level, etc.). Then, the decomposition helps to extract an absolute measure of the impact of tax-benefit changes on inequality when evaluated against a distributionally-neutral
benchmark, i.e. a situation where tax-benefit parameters are adjusted in line with income growth. We apply this measure to assess recent policy changes in twelve European countries. Finally, the full decomposition allows quantifying the relative role of policy changes compared to all other factors. We provide an illustration on France and Ireland and check the sensitivity of the results to the
decomposition order.
Publication
What has happened to replacement rates?
1996-05, Callan, Tim, Nolan, Brian, O'Donoghue, Cathal