Limit Cycle Behavior in a Class-AB Second-Order Square Root Domain Filter

This paper shows how an unwanted limit cycle can be exhibited by a second-order CMOS companding filter. The filter employs the quasi-quadratic law of the MOS transistor in strong inversion and saturation to achieve compression together with a Class-AB topology to extend the dynamic range. In the zero-input case, the filter operates in the manner expected of an externally-linear circuit. However, when a standard linear IC design technique is applied to it, unwanted zero-input sustained oscillations may be observed. Simulations from PSpice and measurement results from a semi-custom realization in a 0.8μm CMOS process are used to explore this behavior. This work highlights an aspect of the behavior of such filters that must be taken into account by analog designers.