Options
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy in liquid using Electrochemical Force Microscopy
Date Issued
2015-01-19
Date Available
2015-04-20T11:45:34Z
Abstract
Conventional closed loop-Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) has emerged as a powerful technique for probing electric and transport phenomena at the solid-gas interface. The extension of KPFM capabilities to probe electrostatic and electrochemical phenomena at the solid-liquid interface is of interest for a broad range of applications from energy storage to biological systems. However, the operation of KPFM implicitly relies on the presence of a linear lossless dielectric in the probe-sample gap, a condition which is violated for ionically-active liquids (e.g., when diffuse charge dynamics are present). Here, electrostatic and electrochemical measurements are demonstrated in ionically-active (polar isopropanol, milli-Q water and aqueous NaCl) and ionically-inactive (non-polar decane) liquids by electrochemical force microscopy (EcFM), a multidimensional (i.e., bias- and time-resolved) spectroscopy method. In the absence of mobile charges (ambient and non-polar liquids), KPFM and EcFM are both feasible, yielding comparable contact potential difference (CPD) values. In ionically-active liquids, KPFM is not possible and EcFM can be used to measure the dynamic CPD and a rich spectrum of information pertaining to charge screening, ion diffusion, and electrochemical processes (e.g., Faradaic reactions). EcFM measurements conducted in isopropanol and milli-Q water over Au and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite electrodes demonstrate both sample- and solvent-dependent features. Finally, the feasibility of using EcFM as a local force-based mapping technique of material-dependent electrostatic and electrochemical response is investigated. The resultant high dimensional dataset is visualized using a purely statistical approach that does notrequire a priori physical models, allowing for qualitative mapping of electrostatic and electrochemical material properties at the solid-liquid interface.
Other Sponsorship
UCD Research
NANOREMEDIES
Programme for Research in Third Level Institutions Cycle 5
European Regional Development Fund
Type of Material
Journal Article
Publisher
Beilstein-Institut
Journal
Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
Volume
6
Start Page
201
End Page
214
Copyright (Published Version)
2015 the Authors
Language
English
Status of Item
Peer reviewed
This item is made available under a Creative Commons License
File(s)
Owning collection
Scopus© citations
36
Acquisition Date
Mar 28, 2024
Mar 28, 2024
Views
1676
Acquisition Date
Mar 28, 2024
Mar 28, 2024
Downloads
545
Last Week
2
2
Last Month
15
15
Acquisition Date
Mar 28, 2024
Mar 28, 2024