Jobless growth through creative destruction : Ireland's industrial development path 1972-2003

We document the nature of structural changes in employment to understand “jobless” growth in Irish Manufacturing in the aftermath of EEC/EU membership, 1972-2003. By 1972, forty years of protectionism and fifteen years of export promotion induced the coexistence
of large exporting plants with import competing plants within 4-digit industries.
During trade liberalisation we document persistent horizontal waves of creative
destruction, a decline in traditional import competing plants and an expansion in
exporting plants, within each sector. This coexisted with rapid vertical waves of creative destruction in small non-exporting plants which supported exporting growth through forward vertical linkages within each sector.