What is the scope for existing (including recently developed) diagnostic methods to detect infected cattle which are not currently detected by the existing programme?

This opinion covers areas of policy-oriented scientific research relating to bovine tuberculosis bTB) eradication in Ireland. It identifies areas for prioritised research by the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine for the period 2022-2024 based on stakeholder feedback. Key areas of emphasis include understanding different sources of Mycobacterium bovis infection, such as wildlife reservoirs and cattle movement, the role of whole genome sequencing (WGS) in epidemiology, the evaluation of badger vaccination, enhancement of diagnostic tests, and understanding stakeholder attitudes and compliance regarding control measures. A holistic approach, encompassing various research tools and methodologies, including whole genome sequencing, mathematical modelling, machine learning and the use of inward contact chains, are suggested to facilitate a comprehensive BTB understanding. Though a priority list is proposed, the importance of maintaining adaptability and funding high-merit projects outside the list is emphasised, to support the continued evolution and effectiveness of BTB control strategies in Ireland.