Energy Efficiency Optimization for Dense Networks

Dense networks open opportunities to optimize the network performance particularly from an energy efficiency perspective, since the total power consumption is a great concern as the number of devices is very large. The goal of this chapter is to provide a set of optimization tools applied in designing energy efficiency transmission for dense networks. Specifically, this chapter includes two parts. The first part introduces optimization techniques that are useful for energy efficiency optimization including concave-convex fractional programming, nontractable fractional programming, the alternating direction method of multipliers for distributed implementation. The second part is to demonstrate how these methods can be applied to dense networks with shared spectrum and small-cell dense networks being the case studies.