Factors influencing patients to choose one obesity treatment over another: a qualitative study

Background: When deciding a treatment option for the disease of obesity, knowing what the patient’s preferences are and what factors have influenced them can support healthcare professionals (HCPs) in tailoring their management plan. Little is known about patient preferences for obesity treatment. The present study was designed to identify factors that may influence these preferences. Objective: We aimed to identify factors affecting patient preferences and subsequent obesity treatment preferences among those seeking treatment for obesity-related disorders. Methods: Using a participatory action research design, we conducted World Café focus groups as part of a triangulation process with previously collected individual interviews and photovoice. Using purposive sampling, 12 patients with obesity complications of chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease took part. Thematic analysis was conducted to review themes, determine their significance, and report the findings. Results: Five themes emerged from the World Café on what influences patient treatment choice, which were 1) lack of resources, 2) healthcare professionals’ knowledge gaps, 3) lack of understanding, 4) emotional impact, and 5) support from family, friends, and HCPs. This data was then reviewed with the findings from the previous methodologies of one-to-one interviews and photovoice. Overall, four main themes were identified, which were 1) structural factors, 2) physical and emotional impact, 3) knowledge (of healthcare professionals and patients), and 4) support. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of ensuring access to all treatment options by developing effective treatment plans with clear information for patients.