Modelling, Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop Validation of Virtual Synchronous Generator Control in Low Inertia Power System

In recent literature, virtual synchronous generator control (VSG) has been proposed as a means to provide virtual inertia from non-synchronous generation in low inertia power systems. In this work we compare the power system support performance of VSG control to conventional droop when applied to electrical energy storage. A differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) model of VSG control is developed. This model is validated against measurement from a hardware in the loop implementation of the VSG. VSG and droop controlled storage is then incorporated into the IEEE 39 bus system model also incorporating different levels of generation from windfarms. The performance of both controls is compared in terms of their effect on the power system dynamics in the event of a contingency. The results show that VSG control in high wind penetration cases, improves the frequency nadir, reduces oscillations, and provide faster frequency and voltage stabilization.