Carbon nanohorn modified platinum electrodes for improved immobilisation of enzyme in the design of glutamate biosensors
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Title: | Carbon nanohorn modified platinum electrodes for improved immobilisation of enzyme in the design of glutamate biosensors | Authors: | Ford, Rochelle; Devereux, Stephen J.; Quinn, Susan J.; O'Neill, Robert D. | Permanent link: | http://hdl.handle.net/10197/11597 | Date: | 25-Jul-2019 | Online since: | 2020-09-29T09:32:04Z | Abstract: | Electrochemical enzymatic biosensors are the subject of research due to their potential for in vivo monitoring of glutamate, which is a key neurotransmitter whose concentration is related to healthy brain function. This study reports the use of biocompatible oxidised carbon nanohorns (o-CNH) with a high surface area, to enhance the immobilization of glutamate oxidase (GluOx) for improved biosensor performance. Two families of biosensors were designed to interact with the anionic GluOx. Family-1 consists of covalently functionalised o-CNH possessing hydrazide (HYZ) and amine (PEG-NH2) terminated surfaces and Family-2 comprised non-covalently functionalised o-CNH with different loadings of polyethyleneimine (PEI) to form a cationic hybrid. Amperometric detection of H2O2 formed by enzymatic oxidation of glutamate revealed a good performance from all designs with the most improved performance by the PEI hybrid systems. The best response was from a o-CNH:PEI ratio of 1:10 mg mL-1, which yielded a glutamate calibration plateau, JMAX, of 55 ± 9 μA cm-2 and sensitivity of 111 ± 34 μA mM-1 cm-2. The low KM of 0.31 ± 0.05 mM indicated the retention of the enzyme function, and a limit of detection of 0.02 ± 0.004 μM and a response time of 0.88 ± 0.13 s was determined. The results demonstrate the high sensitivity of these biosensors and their potential for future use for the detection of glutamate in vivo. | Funding Details: | Irish Research Council University College Dublin |
Type of material: | Journal Article | Publisher: | The Royal Society of Chemistry | Journal: | Analyst | Volume: | 144 | Issue: | 17 | Start page: | 5299 | End page: | 5307 | Copyright (published version): | 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry | Keywords: | Amino acid oxidoreductases; Biosensing techniques; Carbon; Electrochemical techniques; Electrodes; Immobilized enzymes; Glutamic acid; Hydrogen peroxide; Limit of detection; Nanostructures; Oxidation-reduction; Platinum; Polyethyleneimine | DOI: | 10.1039/c9an01085h | Language: | en | Status of Item: | Peer reviewed | ISSN: | 0003-2654 | This item is made available under a Creative Commons License: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ie/ |
Appears in Collections: | Chemistry Research Collection |
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