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Novel roles of cAMP/cGMP dependent signaling in platelets
Author(s)
Date Issued
2012-02-02
Date Available
2014-09-24T07:29:58Z
Abstract
Endothelial prostacyclin and nitric oxide potently inhibit platelet functions. Prostacyclin and nitric oxide actions are mediated by platelet adenylyl and guanylyl cyclases, which synthesize cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP), respectively. Cyclic nucleotides stimulate cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A [PKA]I and PKAII) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase G [PKG]I) to phosphorylate a broad panel of substrate proteins. Substrate phosphorylation results in the inactivation of small G-proteins of the Ras and Rho families, inhibition of the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, and modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Thus, PKA/PKG substrates translate prostacyclin and nitric oxide signals into a block of platelet adhesion, granule release, and aggregation. cAMP and cGMP are degraded by phosphodiesterases, which might restrict signaling to specific subcellular compartments. An emerging principle of cyclic nucleotide signaling in platelets is the high degree of interconnection between activating and cAMP/cGMP-dependent inhibitory signaling pathways at all levels, including cAMP/cGMP synthesis and breakdown, and PKA/PKG-mediated substrate phosphorylation. Furthermore, defects in cAMP/cGMP pathways might contribute to platelet hyperreactivity in cardiovascular disease. This article focuses on recent insights into the regulation of the cAMP/cGMP signaling network and on new targets of PKA and PKG in platelets.
Sponsorship
Science Foundation Ireland
Other Sponsorship
UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science
Type of Material
Journal Article
Publisher
Wiley
Journal
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
Volume
10
Issue
2
Start Page
167
End Page
176
Copyright (Published Version)
2011 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis
Language
English
Status of Item
Peer reviewed
This item is made available under a Creative Commons License
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