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Examining Smarter Travel Options to Reduce Emissions
Date Issued
2017-07
Date Available
2018-05-21T09:51:34Z
Abstract
This deliverable explores a strategy to encourage a realistic modal shift from the private car to sustainable travel modes such as walking, cycling, bus, rail and smarter modes like carpooling and car-sharing in the Greater Dublin Area (GDA). This research is a large component of the work that has been conducted as part of the Greening Transport project. It examines the responsiveness of a sample to a range of policy measures aiming to incentivise sustainable commuting practices to work and education in the GDA. By means of a stated preference (SP) experiment, a selection of policies was tested in various hypothetical scenarios in order to gauge their response in terms of travel behaviour change, ultimately quantified by analysing the potential modal shift. This technical report will assess relevant literature on this subject and delineate the experimental design, survey creation process and most importantly delve into the discrete-choice modelling results and analysis of this study. Motivation for this work was taken from comparable experiments from leading researchers in the field of SP and discrete-choice modelling. However, an approach such as this has to date not been conducted in the context of Ireland. This presents an opportunity to gain a greater understanding of the behavioural outcomes of implementing various sustainable transport policy incentives from which a modal shift can be achieved in Ireland. The aims of this research are in line with those set-out by the Greening Transport project that is leading this work - exploring ways of promoting smarter travel options as a means of attaining emissions savings and mitigating the associated causes of climate change such as air pollution, burning of fossil fuels and noise pollution in urban areas. However, one of the principal goals of this study is to incentivise "car shedding" behaviour, i.e. promoting a reduction in car usage by making alternative and sustainable travel modes more practical and competitive in terms of time and cost amongst other attributes, in addition to being equally or more convenient modes than driving a car alone. A SP survey instrument was implemented to gather responses to a range of hypothetical scenarios, in addition to other revealed preference (current travel activity), attitudinal and socio-demographic questions to generate various types of data for analysis. The main SP component of the survey was utilised to determine the variables of statistical significance that increase or decrease the utility of the modes and predict or forecast behavioural responses and implications, in the form of direct and cross elasticities and "what if" simulations, to various policy instruments ("carrots") included in the stated choice scenario.
Sponsorship
Environmental Protection Agency
Type of Material
Technical Report
Publisher
Environmental Protection Agency
Keywords
Web versions
Language
English
Status of Item
Peer reviewed
This item is made available under a Creative Commons License
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Work_Package_3___Examining_Smarter_Travel_Options_to_Reduce_Emissions.pdf
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