Gibbons, HelenaHelenaGibbonsBrennan, LorraineLorraineBrennan2017-01-132017-01-132016 the A2017-02Proceedings of the Nutrition Societyhttp://hdl.handle.net/10197/826325th Irish Postgraduate Conference, Radisson Blu Hotel, Cork, Ireland, 11-12 February 2016Current dietary assessment methods including FFQ, 24-h recalls and weighed food diaries are associated with many measurement errors. In an attempt to overcome some of these errors, dietary biomarkers have emerged as a complementary approach to these traditional methods. Metabolomics has developed as a key technology for the identification of new dietary biomarkers and to date, metabolomic-based approaches have led to the identification of a number of putative biomarkers. The three approaches generally employed when using metabolomics in dietary biomarker discovery are: (i) acute interventions where participants consume specific amounts of a test food, (ii) cohort studies where metabolic profiles are compared between consumers and non-consumers of a specific food and (iii) the analysis of dietary patterns and metabolic profiles to identify nutritypes and biomarkers. The present review critiques the current literature in terms of the approaches used for dietary biomarker discovery and gives a detailed overview of the currently proposed biomarkers, highlighting steps needed for their full validation. Furthermore, the present review also evaluates areas such as current databases and software tools, which are needed to advance the interpretation of results and therefore enhance the utility of dietary biomarkers in nutrition research.enThis article has been published in a revised form in Proceedings of the Nutrition Society [http://doi.org/10.1017/S002966511600032X]. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © The Authors.MetabolomicsDietary biomarkersDiet and nutritionDietary assessmentJournal Article10.1017/S002966511600032X2017-01-11https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ie/